CPHA supports the development of public health approaches for addressing the needs of people who use illegal psychoactive substances while recognizing the requirement for a public-health-oriented regulatory framework for the production, manufacture, distribution, product promotion, and sale of these products. To support the development and implementation of such a framework, this discussion paper describes how a shift to a public health approach can improve outcomes, articulates a vision for 2025, and provides a framework for action that addresses a variety of relevant factors.